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E-Analysis and discussions of the results
Page suivante : E -a MethodologyRetour au menu : LE GRAND PARIS How would this project generate an economic growth?
Hypothesis 4: Greater Paris: Incubator of IT and R&D.
ICT can be used in order to resolve different issues. Galit Cohen,, Ilan Salomon and Peter Nijkamp have characterized the ICT as following: “- Very dynamic technological changes, with rapid penetration and adoption rates; – Decreasing costs for new equipment and features; – A rapidly increasing range of applications and penetration in many realms of […]
D-e IT and R&D development in the Greater Paris
As we have seen an investment in Paris Saclay is part of the Greater Paris project. As mentioned in the Article 20 of “loi relative au Grand Paris”, the government has created a state-owned company “Etablissement public” named Paris-Saclay(144) According to the article 21, Paris-Saclay will have to help to the development of higher education […]
Hypothesis 3: The Greater Paris project is not a generator for the green economy
As we have previously seen, the French government wants to create a Green impact through Grand Paris project. Indeed, the creation of a sustainable economy should be the final result expected by the Greater Paris. But we are now trying to demonstrate that the actual decisions taken by the La Société du Grand Paris are […]
D-d Environmental projects
Le Grand Paris project is often linked to a simple transport project, nevertheless this idea is false. Indeed, even if the government does not already taken official decisions for Paris Ile-de-France in order to reduce the ecological impact. Indeed, the government wants to create a Paris Ile-de-France eco-friendly. According to Jean-Robert Mazaud, a sustainable city […]
Hypothesis 2: Transport investments will be the main improvements on the economy
By analyzing the theoretical investment of the Greater Paris in transportation, we can understand how important will be its effects on the regional economy. Savrav Dev Bhatta and Matthew P.Drennan have listed six possible economic benefits from a public investment in transportation: 1- “Increase in output; 2- Increases in productivity (output per unit of output) […]
D-c Logistic projects to export
As we have previously seen, the president qualified Le Have harbor as the main access of Paris to the sea. Indeed, one agency Antoine Grumbach & Associes has titles its project “Seine Metropole Paris Rouen Le Havre”(115). The agency has thought about a development between Paris and Le Havre harbour in order to increase the […]
D -b Expected impact on the economy
According to Jean-Paul Lacaze, as the displacements of people going from a suburban town to another town located in the suburbs keep increasing, the transportation project proposed by the government and the region will not be big enough to please the demand of all the inhabitants of Paris Ile-de- France. Indeed, the “Grand Huit” would […]
D -a Public transports projects
Grand Paris project is at the moment mainly focus on the improvement of the transportation system, which is an important point according to the economic growth it can generate. Indeed as we have seen, the government is going to create an automatic tube going around Paris, to link all the different economic centers of the […]
D-The projects proposed for the Greater Paris
Page suivante : D -a Public transports projectsRetour au menu : LE GRAND PARIS How would this project generate an economic growth?
Hypo thesis 1: The greater Paris is not part of the European economic model
As we have seen, the European Union is functioning under the liberal theory. Nevertheless, the French government has, as we have previously seen, been an important interventionist state. According to Vivien Schmidt, the French government realized during the 80’s that their traditional economic system of interventionism based on the Keynesian model was not efficient anymore, […]
C -b Classical theory
An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations (more commonly called ‘The wealth of Nations), published in 1776 has played in the construction of our modern economic system. Indeed, Adam Smith is considered as the father of the modern economy, as his ideas have been followed by the most powerful countries […]
C -a Keynes Theory
The French government decided to finance different projects to create the Greater Paris, in order to generate an economic growth. This principle directly comes from the British economist John Maynard Keynes (1886-1946). Indeed, Keynes advocated that the government had to finance projects in order to support the national economy, and demonstrated it in its book […]
C- How this project could create an economic growth.
Page suivante : C -a Keynes TheoryRetour au menu : LE GRAND PARIS How would this project generate an economic growth?
B-c The legal status of “Grand Paris”
To support the different projects which will be set up to create the Greater Paris, the parliament has voted different laws. Indeed the objectives of the project have been delimited through the law of Grand Paris, divided into five titles, composed by 29 articles. The 1st article describes the objectives and the functions of the […]
B-b The demand of the President Sarkozy.
Nicolas Sarkozy announced the 17th September 2007, ten prestigious agencies of architecture had to work on the project of Grand Paris(59) to start the symbolic construction of the Greater Paris. The 29th of April 2009, the president Nicolas Sarkozy made a new elocution about the Great Paris, with the analyses of the ten agencies to […]
B-a Definition of the problems of Paris Ile-de-France: challenges and benefits for the future
Paris Ile-de-France has an industry with many firms with strong added value, even though the different fields are not really diversified. The challenge for the region will be to help these companies to renew their industry(44). The region should also have a policy to attract the different global companies to implement offices. Indeed, Paris needs […]
B-Why the Greater Paris
Page suivante : B-a Definition of the problems of Paris Ile-de-France: challenges and benefits for the futureRetour au menu : LE GRAND PARIS How would this project generate an economic growth?
A-d Example of Berlin
Because of historical reasons, we can see a gap between Paris, London and Berlin. Indeed, because of the soviet domination, the city has been unified in 1989, and until today discordance between western and Eastern Berlin can be notified. The city suffers of a large debt and also a strong unemployment rate.(40) Berlin is a […]
A-c Example of London
London is considered as the main competitor of Paris. Indeed, as the French model, the United Kingdom has a centralized system, where all the important functions of the country are located in London (by comparison Germany has many middle cites, Italy has its economic functions based in Milan and the politic power in Rome). Figure […]
A-b The actual economic situation of Paris Ile-de-France
Paris Ile-de-France is one of the richest areas in the world. Indeed in 2007, only the cities of Tokyo, Los Angles and New York were having a greater GDP. By comparison, in 2003, the GDP of the region was about $513 billion, which represented at that time about 40% of the Chinese one or a […]
A-a Historical context of Paris Ile-de-France
Ile-de-France region was born at the tenth century by the Capetian dynasty (the oldest royal house of Europe), which were a Frank dynasty. The historical growth of Paris can be measured by the growth of the Paris’ confines. They have been fortified by Philippe Auguste at the 12th century, at the 14th century by Charles […]
A-Paris : A global city
Page suivante : A-a Historical context of Paris Ile-de-FranceRetour au menu : LE GRAND PARIS How would this project generate an economic growth?
INTRODUCTION
General context On June 27, 2007 at the inauguration of Roissy 3, President Nicolas Sarkozy gave a speech in which he places a clear message: “the state can do without having a vision and strategy for the region economically most powerful in Europe, which generates 28% of the national wealth of our country? I do […]
Abstract
The Greater Paris has been the most important economic plan of the last decades for the region Paris Ile-de-France. Indeed since the creation of the villes nouvelles in the 60’s-70’s, the French capital region has been definitely less active than its European competitors as London, Berlin, or Milan. The Grand Paris project is the creation […]
Extrait
Le Grand Paris est le projet économique le plus important des dernières décennies de la région Paris Ile-de-France. En effet, depuis la création des Villes Nouvelles dans les années 60-70, la région capitale française a été nettement moins active que ses concurrentes européennes comme Londres, Berlin où Milan. Le projet du Grand Paris à pour […]
Motivations et Remerciements
Originaire de l’agglomération de Cergy-Pontoise, l’aménagement de la région Ile-de-France est une notion qui m’est familière. Beaucoup de personnes de mon entourage pourront attester de mon attachement à cette ville nouvelle. Etant fortement attiré par les sujets à enjeux économiques, politiques et urbanistiques, je me suis naturellement orienté vers un mémoire de fin d’étude portant […]
COMPARAISON DE DEUX MODALITES DE REENTRAINEMENT A L’EFFORT AU SEC ET EN IMMERSION CHEZ DES PATIENTS EN REHABILITATION RESPIRATOIRE
COMPARAISON DE DEUX MODALITES DE REENTRAINEMENT A L’EFFORT AU SEC ET EN IMMERSION CHEZ DES PATIENTS EN REHABILITATION RESPIRATOIRE
Auteur : VERGNAULT Mathieu
Année de publication : 2009
Tuteur de stage & responsable universitaire: Dr R.GAUTHIER
Master 2ème année
IUP de la Santé d’Amiens
Spécialité : Ingénierie de la Rééducation, du Handicap et de la Performance Motrice
Université de Picardie Jules Verne
ABSTRACT
Objective: This study focused on a new activity in the respiratory rehabilitation (RR) for patients with chronic respiratory disease(CRD). This study is atempting to know if physical training in immersion add could have a better interest than on ground. Material and method: A water immersion group (WIG) (n=6) and a dry ground group (DGG) (n=3) […]
RESUME
Objectif : Cette étude expérimente une nouvelle activité dans la réhabilitation respiratoire (RR) de patient malades respiratoires chroniques (MRC). Cette étude tente de savoir si une activité de RAE surajoutée en immersion peut avoir un intérêt par rapport au sec. Matériel et méthode : Un groupe de sujet en immersion (GI) (n=6) et un groupe […]